Telegraphy.



PATENTBD- JULY 24, 1906. I

' R. J. SHEEHY. TELEGRAPHY. APPLICATION FILED 0012 25, 1902.

2 ZIEETS-SHEET 2.

l nventor flaw/ 6444;

To all whom it may concern:

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ROBERT J. SHEEHY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

TELEGRAPHY. v

' i Specification of Letters Patent.

'ratenteo. July 24, 1906.

Application filed Jctobel 25, 1902. Serial No. 128,788.

' unison or synchronism, so that communications may be exchanged between them.

In carrying out the invention I employ alternating current electric machines and cause such machines to actuate the individual instruments mechanically. For instance, the current from an alternating-current generator may drive an alternating-current motor, and both machines being run in synchronism the individual telegraph instruments mechanically rotated by the machines will also move in synchronism, and communications may be exchanged between instruments connected by a special or telegraphing line Thus within proper limits of distance a number of instruments may be actuated in synchronism.

The invention contemplates further organizations whereby I am enabled to maintain a system of synchronously-actuated instruments over large areas and great distances. I employ alternating generators located at different stations and each individually driven by a suitable motor-such, for instance, as a steam engine-and having their armatures connected in series. It is well known that alternating-current generators when so connected tend to revolve in synchronism or unison with each other, each generator acting as a governor for the other. When the distance between two such connected generators and the resistance and condition of the circuit connecting them permits, I may place one'or more independentlydriven generators in the line connecting them, or, as above stated, alternating-current motors might be connectedin said lineQ Each machine, whether an individually driven generator or motor, may mechanically drive or rotate telegraphic instruments and-the various instruments be connected as desired by message-lines. .Where it is wished to extend the area of the system, other generators ma be connected with those already mentione For instance, they may be mounted on the same shafts, so that they willbe driven each in unison with the generator with which it is connected, and from such additional generators I extend lines to distant generators or motors that mechanically drive telegraphic instruments which must necessarily run in unison with all the other instruments. Locally at any generator I may place an alternating-current. electric motor in the generator-circuit and mechanically operate telegraphic instruments thereby, and wherever motors are employed instead of connecting them directly in the generator-circuit I may interpose an electrical transformer or inductorium, as is well understood.

From what has been said it will be seen that all of the alternating-current machines throughout the entire system are tied together and move atregulated speedin unison with each other, and consequently all the telegraphic instruments mechanically driven by such machines must also run practically in s'ynchronism with each other. I An instrument at any one point ma be connected directly with another at a dlstant point by an independent telegraphingline. Of' course the telegraph instruments may be duplexe'd or quadruplexed or arranged in any manner desired, their operation telegraphically being independent of the regulated alternating machlnes which serve to supply the power to drive or control all the instruments in unison.

The alternating machines will be constructed with reference to each other in a manner best adapted to meet the requirements of the system. The telegra hic instruments may be of any character a apted to be driven or controlled mechanically from or by the synchronously-moving shafts of the generators or motors and in which the individual instruments are required to be driven or rotated in unison.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a diagram illustrating my invention. Fig. 2 is a front elevation, and Fig. 3 an end elevation, of a printing-telegraph receiving instrument adapted to be used in this system; and Figs. {1 and 5 are similar views of a transmitter, the key-circuitsbeing indicated in the former view diagrammatically.

I show separate instruments for transmission and reception; but of course they might be united in a combined transmitter and receiver, as is common.

Referring to the diagram, A A represent two alternate-current electric generators, lo-

cated at difierent stations. Their armatures trated) and the other, 8', is connected by the are respectively mounted upon shafts a a,

driven at a proximately, the same speed by motors B which may be steam-engines or other sources of power. As usual, the fieldmagnets of each of these generators arfeconnected, as shown, in the circuit of 'an ordinary continuous-current exciter ,O C. driven in an suitable manner. The armature-ter- 'mina s of the generators are connected, as,

usual, to ordinary contact-rings, on which ordinarlyl brushes '8 s and t t bear. One brush 8 of t e generator A is grounded (a ground circuit being in this particular instance illusvidual telegrap instruments, as shown, or

otherwise.

In the drawings a pinion "v on each generator-shaft gears with and drives a gear on a shaft W common to all the instruments operated by that generator. The instruments are marked alternately Trans.

and Recr., indicatingthat they are respectlv'ely transmitting and receiving instruments. The details of construction of suitable instrunients to be operated in this-way are hereinafterdescribed.

I have shown telegra hing-lines Z Z connectin the receivers an transmitters 1 and 2 with t e receivers and transmitters 5 and 6. Other tele raphing-lines Z Z are shown leading from t e receiver 3 and 7 and the transmitter 4 and 8, and these lines are to be connected with any of the other instruments of the system.

Obviously the telegra hic instruments thus far referred to must a 1 move in unison, and messa es or communications may there-' fore be exc anged between them At D an ordinary transformer is dia rammatically illustrated connected in the line L, an alternating-currentelectromotor D being connected in its secondary circuit 8 This motor must rotate in unison with t e alternating currents traversing the line, and con sequently in synchronism with the generators A A The telegraphic instruments 9 10, mechanically driven by the motor, therefore rotate in unison with the other instruments alread referred to. v

At an independently-driven alternating- Kcurrent electric generator is shown, its

brushes (Z d bein connected with the line L and its armature eing therefore in the line L in series with the armatures of the generae tors A A The generator Ewill therefore revolve in. unison with the generators A A and the telegraphic instruments 11 12 mechanically driven thereby must rotate in unison with all the other instruments above referred to.

To permit of a further extension of the. system, any one of the generators may have connected with it another generator, as follows, and as shown at A, A and E: On the same shaft with the armature of either A, A or E another generator F may be mounted, so that the two armatures move as one. The generator F being a duplicate of the other,

the impulses traversing its armature-circuit must coincide with those traversing the armature-circuit of the other generator. From the brushes of the generators F lines L extend to distant points where they are to connect with other generators or motors that mechanically actuate telegraphic instruments which will operate in unison with those already mentioned, and these latter generators may be connected with others and the system indefinitely extended. Thusihe armature of the generator F on the same shaft with the generator A is connected by a line L,

leadin to an independently-driven generator H, and on the same shaft with the armature of the enerator H is the armatureof a generator from which a line L extends. Telegraph instruments 13 14 are shown as driven by this shaft, and they will move in unison with all the other telegraph instruments.

Electric motors K may be connected in the lines L L L as already stated. Assumin that the generators are located at principa cities where telegraph oflices are 0 erated, the motors may be located in such 0 ces, and one motor may drive a comparatively large number of telegraph instruments. Thus at the generators F A an alternating-current electric motor may be included in either line L or L. This motor K is shown in the line L and is indicated as driving instruments15 16 17 18.

Any instrument located at any point in the system will move practically in unison with all the other instruments and may therefore be connected by a telegra hing-line with any of the instruments provi ed the distance or the resistance of the conductors is not so great as to prohibit such a direct connection.

Where generators are shown, the motors are illustrated as driving the generator-shaft and throu h that shaft the printing instruments, and of course the regulation of the generators also controls the speed of the motor; but I do not confine myself to this precise construction, for it is evident that shafts or other mechanical devices connected with the motors independently of the enerators may be employed for mechanical y driving the moving 'parts of the individual instru ments of the system.

was

- adapted to be mechanically operated by the synchronously-moving machines. These instruments are represented in Figs. 2, 3, 4, and

5. In each figure shaft. Fi s. 2 and-3 show a receiver; the shaft is fixed a gear-wheel M, and on the shaft beyond the gear is a loose sleeveM, whose end or a .plate thereon is frictionally clamped a ainst the side-of the wheelby a spring m, ed at one end to a collar m on the shaft and at the other end to a collar m on the sleeve. The sleeve carries a type,- wheel N, 'a unison-worm N, and a toothed detent-wheel N The unison stop-arm n is pivoted on the frame by two transverse pivots at n and at the proper time arrests the sleeve and t eWheel at the unisonoint. This is an or inary unison-stop, We known, and needs no further description. The gear M drives a gear 0' on a counter-shaft O and coupled therewith by'an ordinary frictionclutch 0 This shaft has, fast thereon a toothed detent-wheel 0 The magnet P is included in the telegraphing-line leading to the instrument. Its armature is mounted on a rock-shaft P, which carries two detent or catch arms n and 0, that respectively engage the detent-wheels N and O Normally when the armature-lever is retracted by its spring the catch 0 engages the wheel 0 and the shaft 0 is held at rest, and the catch 71? is disengaged from the detent-wheel N and the type-wheel is actuated by the shaft W. When an impulse traversesthe coils of the magnet P, its armature is attracted, the catch n engages the wheel N and the type-wheel is arrested at the desired letter. At the same time the shaft 0 is released and is driven by the shaft W through the gears M- O to efiect W represents the driven 'the following operation: The paper upon which the impression is to be taken passes between paper-feed rolls 0 0 the latter of which has a serrated face, as usual, and is mounted on the shaft 0, and thence over a platen 0 carried in the end of a platen-lever 0*, pivoted on the frame and having a vertical arm 0 for throwing ofl the unison. A toothed wheel 0 in the shaft 0 works against the platenlever at a and throws up the platen on each movement of the shaft 0, and at the same time the paper is fed forward.

The transmitter'(shown in Figs. 4 and 5) is constructed as follows: The shaft W carries a clutch-disk Q, against which a plate on the end of a sleeve Q, enveloping the shaft, is

pressed by a s ring 11, the arrangement bein an ordinary riction-clutch. The insulate sunflowersegments 1" are mounted on the frame, and the insulated trailer R, traversing he sleeve them, is carriedby the sleeve Q. also carries a toothed detent-wheel Q The armature-lever of the magnet S acts as a instrument.

stop or detent'for the wheel. Q The circuit connections are as follows: B B represent the transmitting-battery, having one pole igrrounded and the other connected with the cm stops T ,common to all the transmittingkeys T. Each key is connected with its sunflower-segment, from whence the circuit extends through the trailer and insulated brush R bearingon the hub thereof through 1 the coil of the magnet S to line. Of course each operator may be given a combination Such an instrument may be obtalned by supplying one transmitter and one receiver for each operator and connecting the line after it leaves the ma net S through the magnet P, suitable switc es being provided as usual.

These instruments are illustrated and described, not as instruments that must be employed in my system, but as instruments adapted and suitable to be used and as illustrative of one class of instruments that may be used; but in all cases the individual instruments' are. such as to be mechanically driven from the enerators or motors.

I do not broadly claim, in a telegraph system, synchronously-movin rent machines located at different stations, an electrical connection between them, and telegraphic instruments in circuit at said stations, nor do I claimthe combination of synchronously moving alternating current machines located at different points and having an electric connection between them, with tele aphic instruments located at such points, t e circuit of which instruments is completed through synchronously-moving mechanism controlled by the alternatingcurrent machines, as would be the case if, for instance, the alternating-current machines herein described werecaused to revolve conalternat ng-curtacts or trailers over circles of segments for I multiplex telegraphic transmission.

I claim as my invention 1. The combination, substantially as set forth, with two synchronously-moving alternating-current electric machines located at distant stations and connected by a synchronizing-line, of series of printing-telegraph instruments, one series at each machine, whose type-wheels are mechanically driven thereby, a clutch connection between each typewheel and its driving shaft or mechanism, telegraphing-lines connecting instruments at one station with instruments at another, and means whereby the type-wheels may be arrested by currents transmitted over the telegraphing-lines.

2. The combination, substantially as set forth, of two motors located at different stations, an alternating-current electric generator driven by each motor, a series of printing-telegraph instruments at each generator, a mechanical connection including a clutch between each type-wheel and the generator- IIO shaft, a synchronizing-circuit connectin the armatures of the generators, telegrap gcircuits connecting the printing instruments at the two stations, and -means whereby the type-wheel of any instrument may be arrested by current traversin its line 7 3. The combination, wit two alternatecurrent electric generators mechanically coupled with each other, of a third alternatecurrcnt generator mechanically separated therefrom and electrically connected to the armature-circuit of one of the first-named generators, synchronously-moving printingtelegraph instruments, controlled by the generators, and telegraph-lines connecting said instrument.

4. The combination with two'alternati current electric generators, mechanical y coupled with each other, of a third alternating-current generator mechanically separated therefrom and electrically connected to the armature-circuit of one ofthe firstnamed generators, a fourth alternating-eurrent enerator mechanically separatedfrom and e ectficalf connected with the armaturecircuit of the other one of said first-named mechanically-comiected generators, and synchronousl -moving telegraphic instruments controlle by each generator. a

5. The combination of two. independentlydriven alternating-current electric generators located at different stations, a synchronizing'circuit connecting the armatures of said generators, an alternating-current electric motor driven by currents derived from said circuit, and synchronously-moving telegraph instruments, controlled by the generators and driven by the motor, all of said instruments being thereby actuated in unison.

6. The combination, substantially as set forth, of an alternating-current electric generator, a transformer, a line connecting. the

hating-current electricmotor connected in the secondaryv of thetransformer, two or cuit, an

more individually mechanically rotated telegraphic instruments whose rotating parts are controlled by the generator, two. or more like instruments individually driven from the shaft .of themotor to run in unison with those controlled bythe generator,.and telegraph-lines connecting the telegraphic instruments.

7. The combination, substantially as set forth, of an alternating-current electric generator, an alternating-current electric motor, a circuit connecting the armature-circuit of the generator through the motor, whereby the generator and motor are caused to rotate synchronousl with reference toeach other a series of in 'vidually mechanically rotate telegraphic instruments whose rotat' .parts are mechanically controlled by the s aftof the generator, a series of like instruments driven by those controlled by the generator, and telegraph-lines connecting the telegraphic instruments.

8. The combination, substantially as set forth, of two alternat' -current electric machines, a synchronizingine connecting them, a series of individually mechanically rotated telegraphic instruments whose rotatin parts .are mechanically-controlled by the s aft. of each machine sothat they all run in unison,

and telegraph-lines connecting the telegraphic instruments.

" A9. The comb nation with a generator of alternating electric currents, of a second generator, connected in circuit therewith, telegraphic apparatus, driven by the shafts of one of said generators, an electric motor driven b currents derived from said cirtelegraphic apparatus controlled thereby'and operatingin unison with the first-named telegraphic apparatus.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto sub- I scribed my name; armature-circuit of :the generator through -the primary coil of the transformer, an alter- ROBERT J. SHEEHY. Witnesses:

KATHARINE MACMAHON, WILLIAM A. STAHLIN.

the motor to run in unison with 

